Sunday, April 29, 2007

Leiderschap - Stephen Covey

Leiderschap is het vermogen om visie om te zetten in werkelijkheid. Stephen Covey heeft in zijn boek ‘De zeven eigenschappen van effectief leiderschap’ aangegeven waaraan een leider moet voldoen. In zijn boek ‘De 8ste eigenschap’ wordt het beeld van leider gecompleteerd.

Eigenschap 1: Wees proactief
Proactieve mensen laten zich leiden door hun waarden, reactieve mensen door hun gevoelens. Proactieve mensen bepalen zelf of ze een goede bui hebben of niet. Hun gedrag wordt bepaald door wat ze zelf belangrijk vinden. Ze nemen initiatief en verantwoordelijkheid. Ze wijten niets aan de situatie, of de conditionering van hun gedrag. Hun optreden is een bewuste keuze. Pro-activiteit is gebaseerd op de vier menselijke basiskwaliteiten: voorstellingsvermogen, geweten, vrije wil en zelfbewustzijn.

Eigenschap 2: Begin met het einde voor ogen
Beginnen met het einde voor ogen betekent beginnen met een duidelijk beeld van je einddoel. Het houdt in dat je weet waar je heengaat zodat je beter begrijpt waar je nu bent, en ook altijd stappen kunt zetten in de juiste richting. De tweede eigenschap is gebaseerd op verbeeldingskracht en geweten.

Eigenschap 3: Stel prioriteiten
Deze derde eigenschap is een vorm van zelf-management. De vrije wil stelt je in staat om beslissingen te nemen en conform deze keuzes te handelen. Leiderschap houdt in dat je vaststelt wat belangrijk is. Effectief management wil zeggen bij het belangrijkste beginnen. Management is discipline en uitvoering.

Eigenschap 4: Denk in termen van win/win
Wie werkt vanuit het kader van win/win streeft voortdurend naar wederzijds voordeel bij alle interacties. Een win/win-oplossing stemt alle partijen tot tevredenheid, waardoor iedereen er zich ook voor zal inzetten. Win/win betekent samenwerking in plaats van rivaliteit.

Eigenschap 5: Probeer eerst te begrijpen dan begrepen te worden
Empatisch luisteren is onderdeel van eigenschap 5. Empatisch (meevoelend) luisteren betekent dat je je verplaatst in het referentiekader van de ander. Je bekijkt de wereld zoals je gesprekspartner de wereld bekijkt. Empatisch luisteren heeft alleen zin als het uitdrukking geeft aan een persoonlijkheid die inspireert tot openheid en vertrouwen. Als je empatisch naar iemand luistert, geef je hem of haar in psychologische zin zuurstof.

Eigenschap 6: Werk synergetisch
Synergie is de meerwaarde van het geheel ten opzichte van de delen. Eén en één is drie of meer. De essentie van synergie is verschillen op hun waarde weten te schatten. Je respecteert ze en profiteert van de krachten ter compensatie van de zwaktes.

Eigenschap 7: Zelfvernieuwing
De eigenschap van zelfvernieuwing heeft te maken met het onderhoud van je lichamelijke,spirituele, geestelijke en sociaal-emotionele vaardigheden. Op deze vier dimensies moet je de zaag scherp houden. Je zult je lichaam in conditie moeten houden. Het spirituele onderhoud kan op heel veel manieren. Het kan zitten in meditatieve momenten, in religie, in muziek, in literatuur, in de natuur enz. Spirituele vernieuwing kost tijd, maar we moeten tijd nemen om de leiding over ons leven in handen te houden. De geestelijke ontwikkeling hebben we grotendeels te danken aan onze opleiding. Maar dat kwijnt langzaam weg zonder nieuwe investeringen. Vorming scherpt de geest en is daarom vernieuwend. Soms kan dat niet zonder discipline van buiten af, zoals school of cursussen. Je sociaal-emotionele vaardigheden ontwikkel je in relatie met anderen.

Het devies is: win het hart van je naaste.

Daarbij kan de uitspraak van Goethe helpen: Behandel iemand zoals hij is, en hij blijft zoals hij is. Behandel hem zoals hij kan en zou moeten zijn en hij wordt wat hij kan en moet zijn.

Eigenschap 8: De innerlijke stem
Hierbij gaat het om: visie, discipline, passie en geweten. Visie is kijken met het geestesoog naar wat mogelijkheden zijn van mensen, projecten, maatschappelijke doelen en ondernemingen. Visie ontstaat als ons brein het ‘nodige’ aan het ‘haalbare’ koppelt. Discipline is de prijs die mensen betalen voor het omzetten van visie in realiteit. Passie is het vuur, de wens, de kracht van de overtuiging en de motor die zorgt dat mensen discipline kunnen opbrengen om hun visie te realiseren. En geweten is het morele zintuig dat weet wat goed en slecht is. Het is de motor achter betekenis geven en ertoe doen.

Is leiderschap iets dat je kunt leren?
‘Absoluut’, is het resolute antwoord van Covey. ‘Het gaat om karakter, geloofwaardigheid en integriteit. Anders krijg je geen vertrouwen. Zonder vertrouwen heb je geen open, eerlijke communicatie en geen emotionele betrokkenheid’.

Zijn er geboren leiders?
‘Nee, je kiest voor het pad van leiderschap’, zegt Covey. ‘Er zijn genoeg mensen met capaciteiten die er niet voor kiezen. Je moet principes institutionaliseren. Dat hoort bij leiderschap’. Er is een
groot verschil tussen management en leiderschap. ‘Dingen worden gemanaged, mensen geleid. Management is formele autoriteit, leiderschap is morele autoriteit’.

Hoe scoren jij op de acht eigenschappen? Maak een inventarisatie voor jezelf.

Eigenschap:
  1. Wees proactief
  2. Begin met het einde voor ogen
  3. Stel prioriteiten
  4. Denk in termen van win/win
  5. Probeer eerst te begrijpen dan begrepen te worden
  6. Werk synergetisch
  7. Zelfvernieuwing
  8. De innerlijke stem


Monday, April 16, 2007

21 Ways to Stay in the Peace

From Byron Katie

Introduction
The following are simple yet powerful practices that can give you new ways of looking at your life circumstances, and in that, create new possibilities for self-realization.

1. Reversing Judgements
Practice noticing when you judge or criticize someone or something. For example, in a grocery store line, you might be impatient and think the person in front of you is disorganized and rude. Quickly turn your judgment around and ask yourself: "Is it just as true about me? Am I rude? (Am I rude sometimes; to others - or to myself?)
Am I being rude inside of me when I think they are rude?"
This exercise takes your attention off the "other" and places your attention on you. Forgiveness naturally results. Placing the blame or judgment on someone else leaves you powerless to change your experience; taking responsibility for your beliefs and judgments gives you the power to change them.

Remember, beyond the appearance of who it is you are looking at, it is always God disguised, standing in front of you so that you can know yourself. Reversing judgments allows complete forgiveness. Forgiveness leads to awareness of oneself, and reestablishes personal integrity.

2. The Three Kinds of Business
Notice when you hurt that you are mentally out of your business. If you're not sure, stop and ask, "Mentally, whose business am I in?" There are only three kinds of business in the universe: mine, yours, and God's. Whose business is it if an earthquake happens? God's business. Whose business is it if your neighbor down the street has an ugly lawn?

Your neighbor's business. Whose business is it if you are angry at your neighbor down the street because they have an ugly lawn? Your business. Life is simple—it is internal.

Count, in five minute intervals, how many times you are in someone else's business mentally. Notice when you give uninvited advice or offer your opinion about something (aloud or silently). Ask yourself: "Am I in their business? Did they ask me for my advice?" And more importantly, "Can I take the advice I am offering and apply it to my life?"

3. Being in Nobody's Business
After working with the practice of staying out of others' business, try to stay out of your own business as well. Hold lightly whatever you think you know about yourself. "I am contained within this physical body." Is it true? Can I
absolutely know that it's true? What do I get by holding that belief? There is a widespread belief that we are our bodies, and we will die. Who would I be without the belief?

4. "Detaching" from Your Body/Your Story
Try speaking about yourself, for a period of time, in the third person rather than as I or me. Instead of saying, "I'm going to lunch", say, "She's going to lunch," (referring to yourself), or, "This one is going to lunch." Do this with a friend for an hour, the afternoon, or the entire day. Eliminate the use of all personal pronouns (I, me, we). For example, "How is that one (or this one) today? Does he want to go to the park?" Experience impersonally the body, the stories, and the preferences which you think you are.

5. Speaking in the Present Tense
Become mindful of how often your conversations focus on the past or future. Be aware of the verbs you use: was, did, will, are going to, etc. To speak of the past in the present is to reawaken and recreate it fully in the present, if only in our minds, and then we are lost to what is present for us now. To speak of the future is to create and live with a fantasy. If you want to experience fear, think of the future. If you want to experience shame and guilt, think of the past.

6. Doing the Dishes
"Doing the dishes" is a practice of learning to love the action that is in front of you. Your inner voice or intuition guides you all day long to do simple things such as doing the dishes, driving to work, or sweeping the floor. Allow the sanctity of simplicity. Listening to your inner voice and then acting on its suggestions with implicit trust creates a life that is more graceful, effortless, and miraculous.

7. Listening to the Voice of the Body
The body is the voice of your mind, and it speaks to you in physical movement as muscular contractions - as twitches, twinges, tickles and tension, just to name a few. Become aware of how often you move away from peace or stillness.

Practice stillness and let your body speak to you of where your mind contracts, no matter how subtle the flickering contraction may be. When you notice a sensation, inquire within, "What situation or contracted thought is triggering this physical sensation? Am I out of alignment with my integrity in this circumstance, and if so, where? Am I willing to let go of this belief or thought that causes my body to contract?" Listen and allow the answers to guide you, and return to the peace and clarity within.

8. Reporting to Yourself
This exercise can help in healing fear and terror. Practice reporting events to yourself as if a circumstance you find yourself in is actually a news story and you are the roving reporter. Announce exactly what your surroundings are and what's happening "on the scene" at that very moment. Fear is always the result of projecting a re-creation of the past into the now or the future. If you find yourself fearful, find the core belief and inquire: "Is it true that I need to be
fearful in this situation? What is actually happening right now, physically? Where is my body (hands, arms, feet, legs, head)? What do I see (trees, walls, windows, sky)?"

Impersonalizing our stories gives us an opportunity to look at circumstances more objectively, and choose our responses to what life brings. Living in our minds, believing our untrue thoughts, is a good way to scare ourselves to death, and it can appear in form as old age, cancer, degeneration, high blood pressure, etc.

9. Literal Hearing
Practice listening to others in the most literal sense, believing exactly what they say, and do your best to resist falling into your own interpretations about the information they share with you.

For example, someone might compliment you on how beautiful you are, and you interpret that as an implication that the person has ulterior motives. Our interpretations of what we hear people say to us are often far more painful or
frightening than what people actually say. We can hurt ourselves with our misconceptions and our thinking for others.

Try trusting that what they say is exactly what they mean: not more, not less. Hear people out. Catch yourself when you want to finish a sentence for someone either aloud or in your mind. Listen. It can be amazing to hear what comes out when we allow others to complete their thoughts without interruption. And, when we are busy thinking we know what they are about to say, we are missing what they are actually saying.

You might want to consider these questions: "What can be threatened if I listen and hear literally? Do I interrupt because I don't want to really know what they have to say? Do I interrupt to convince them I know more than they do? Am I attempting to portray an image of self-confidence and control? Who would I be without the need to possess those qualities? Is there a fear of appearing unintelligent? Would people leave me if I heard them literally, and no longer engage in manipulative games?"

10. Speaking Honestly and Literally
Speak literally. Say what you mean without justification, without any desire to manipulate, and without concern about how another may interpret your words. Practice not being careful. Experience the freedom this brings.

11. Watching the Play
See yourself in a balcony, watching your favorite drama about you and what distresses you. Watch the story on the stage below. Notice how you have seen this drama performed hundreds, perhaps thousands, of times. Watch this until you find yourself becoming bored. The performers are having to exaggerate their parts to keep your attention. Notice when you get honest with your boredom, you get up from your seat, leave the balcony, exit the playhouse, and step outside. Always know you can re-visit. Who would you be without your story?

12. Watching a Second Version of the Play
Write your story from the eyes and mind of another. Write as many different versions with as many different outcomes as you like. Notice what you notice.

13. Exercising Polarity
If you find yourself dwelling on a negative thought, practice going to the opposite positive extreme or polarity. When you catch yourself slipping back into negativity, choose again to return to the positive polarity and be present with your conscious choice; feel the truth of it. There is only love, and what doesn't appear as love is a disguised call for love. It is your birthright to live in the positive polarity of love and truth.

14. Self Loving Process
Make a list of everything you love about someone and share it with them. Then, give yourself everything that is on the list. You may also recognize that what you love about someone else is just as tue of you. Then allow the fullness of it to be expressed in your life.

15. Coming from Honesty
Practice moving and responding honestly. Laugh, cry, scream, and speak as it is genuinely true for you in each moment. Be a child again; act in full integrity with your feelings. Don't let beliefs compromise your integrity. For example, practice leaving a room honestly without manipulating those you leave behind with a polite excuse. Live your truth without explaining yourself.

16. Asking for What You Want - Giving Yourself What You Want
Ask for what you want, even though it may feel bold or awkward. People don't know what you want until you ask them. The act of asking is a validation of the awareness that you deserve to have what you want. If others are unable or unwilling to accommodate your request, give it to yourself.

17. Awareness of You
Recognize that the one in front of you is you. Beyond all appearances and personalities is the essence of goodness, which is you. Remembering your presence in all forms will bring you immediately into the present moment, in awe of the fullness therein. The person before you will become an opportunity to know yourself. The heart overflows with love and gratitude, humbly saying, "Oh yes, this person or situation is here for me to learn about who I am."

18. Self Gratitude
For twenty-four hours, stop looking outside yourself for validation. On the other side of that you become the experience of gratitude.

19. The Vanity Mirror
If you want to see who you are not, look in the mirror. Use the mirror once a day only. Who would you be without your mirror?

20. Beyond Justification
Begin to notice how often you explain or justify yourself, your words, actions, decisions, etc. Who are you trying to convince? And what is the story you are perpetuating? Become aware of your use of the word "because" or "but" when you speak. Stop your sentence immediately. Begin again. Justification is an attempt to manipulate the other person; decide to be still and know.

21. The Gift of Criticism
Criticism is an incredible opportunity to grow. Here are some steps on how to receive criticism and benefit from it. When someone says you are "wrong, terrible, sloppy," etc., say (either in your mind, or aloud to that person) "Thank you." This thought immediately puts you in a space where you're available to hear and to use the information in a way that can serve you.

After the criticism, ask yourself, "Do I hurt?" If the answer is "yes," then know somewhere within you, you believe the criticism also. Knowing this gives you the opportunity to heal that portion which you find unacceptable within yourself.
If you want to cease to be vulnerable to criticism, then heal the criticisms. That is the ultimate power in letting go of every concept. Being vulnerable means you can no longer be manipulated for there is no place for criticism to stick.

This is freedom.

The Seven C’s Of Success

by Brian Tracy

After having studied top achievers and peak performers over the past 25 years, I’ve concluded that these unique men and women, have in most cases, mastered what I call the Seven C’s of Success.

1. Clarity - Eighty percent of success comes from being clear on who you are, what you believe in and what you want.

2. Competence - You can't climb to the next rung on the ladder until you are excellent at what you do now.

3. Constraints - Eighty percent of all obstacles to success come from within. Find out what is constraining in you or your company and deal with it.

4. Concentration - The ability to focus on one thing single-mindedly and see it through until it’s done takes more character than anything else.

5. Creativity - Flood your life with ideas from many sources. Creativity needs to be exercised like a muscle, if you don't use it you'll lose it.

6. Courage - Most in demand and least in supply, courage is the willingness to do the things you know are right.

7. Continuous learning - Read, at the very least, one book a week on business to keep you miles ahead of the competition. And just as you eat and bathe, organize your time so you spend 30 minutes a day exploring e-mail, sending messages, going through web sites, because like exercise, it's the only way you can keep on top of technology. If you get away from it, you'll lose your edge.